How is your preparation for the RRB NTPC exam going? Hope you are focusing on the most scoring topics. Let’s make it easier for you. In this blog, we have provided some exam-level profit and loss questions for RRB NTPC exam. Profit and Loss is one of the core topics of the numerical ability section. You can expect at least 2 to 3 direct, simple questions on calculating profit, loss, cost price, and selling price. If you master the simple fractional method and know the formulas, you can easily secure those marks. Solve exam-level Profit and Loss questions for the RRB NTPC exam in a free downloadable PDF. But before you download it, take a few free Profit and Loss tests to analyze your understanding of this topic.
Concept of Profit and Loss for RRB NTPC
Profit and Loss is based on the simple business principle of buying and selling goods. Mastering these four terms is the foundation:
- Cost Price (CP): The amount paid to buy a product. This is always considered the base (100%).
- Selling Price (SP): The amount received when a product is sold.
- Profit (Gain): When the SP is higher than the CP.
- Loss: When the SP is lower than the CP.
Key Formulas
Success in this topic depends entirely on instantly recalling and applying these core formulas. Memorize these essentials for the RRB NTPC exam:
| Topic Category | Formulas |
|---|---|
| Profit/Loss Amount | Profit = SP − CP Loss = CP − SP |
| Profit/Loss Percentage | Profit/Loss % = (Profit or Loss Amount ÷ CP) × 100 (Always calculated on CP) |
| Finding SP | SP = CP × (100 ± Gain/Loss %) ÷ 100 |
| Finding CP | CP = SP × 100 ÷ (100 ± Gain/Loss %) |
| Dishonest Dealer | Profit % = (Error ÷ (True Weight − Error)) × 100 |
Key Scoring Patterns You Must Master (The Ratio Method)
The fastest way to solve most P&L problems in the RRB exam is by using the Ratio Method based on fractions.
| Percentage | Profit/Loss | Fraction | Ratio (CP : SP) | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20% | Profit | 1/5 | ( 5: 6 ) | If CP = 5, Profit = 1, SP = 6 |
| 25% | Loss | 1/4 | ( 4: 3 ) | If CP = 4, Loss = 1, SP = 3 |
| 12.5% | Profit | 1/8 | ( 8: 9 ) | If CP = 8, Profit = 1, SP = 9 |
Profit and Loss Questions for RRB NTPC PDF, Download for Free
The questions asked by RRB in the Numerical Ability section are typically direct, formula-based problems. They require the quick application of the correct formula and accurate calculation. They are the perfect type of question that can save you time for other time-consuming sections. To help you master these quick facts, we have provided a PDF containing the most important and frequently asked Profit and Loss questions for the exam. Click the button below to download the free Profit and Loss Questions for RRB NTPC PDF.
Q1. The ratio of the marked price to cost price of an article is 13:10. A discount of Rs. 54 is given on the article and it is sold at a profit of 20%. Find the marked price of the article.
Options:
(a) Rs. 648
(b) Rs. 702
(c) Rs. 540
(d) Rs. 620
Answer: b
Q2. A seller marked an article 80% above its cost price and sold it after allowing a discount of 40%. Find the gain percentage of the seller.
Options:
(a) 8%
(b) 12%
(c) 15%
(d) 9%
Answer: a
Q3. A seller marked an article at Rs. 400 and sold it after allowing two successive discounts of 15% and 10%, respectively. If he earned a profit of Rs. 96, then find the cost price of the article.
Options:
(a) Rs. 240
(b) Rs. 200
(c) Rs. 210
(d) Rs. 180
Answer: c
Q4. An article was sold at a loss of 8%. If it had been sold for Rs. 460 more, then it would have been sold at a profit of 15%. If the same article was sold for Rs. 2,440, then what would be the profit percentage earned?
Options:
(a) 28%
(b) 18%
(c) 22%
(d) 16%
Answer: c
Q5. The profit earned on selling 5 articles ‘A’ for Rs. 120 is the same as the loss incurred on selling 8 articles ‘A’ for Rs. 114. Find the cost price of each article ‘A’.
Options:
(a) Rs. 12
(b) Rs. 16
(c) Rs. 24
(d) Rs. 18
Answer: d
Q6. The marked price of an article is Rs. 450. If the article is sold after allowing successive discounts of 10% and 20%, then find the selling price of the article.
Options:
(a) Rs. 420
(b) Rs. 384
(c) Rs. 316
(d) Rs. 324
Answer: d
Q7. In Rs. 150, B buys 10 pens for Rs. 8 each, 10 erasers for Rs. 5 each and some sharpeners for Rs. 4 each. What is the average price per item in Rs.?
Options:
(a) 8
(b) 7
(c) 10
(d) 6
Answer: d
Q8. A shopkeeper allows a discount of 10% on the printed price of his goods and thus gains 20%. What is the ratio between the cost price and the printed price of the item?
Options:
(a) 3:4
(b) 2:3
(c) 4:5
(d) 1:5
Answer: a
Q9. By selling a car for Rs. 29,000, a man earns a profit of 16%. If he wanted to earn a profit of 25%, then what should have been the selling price of the car?
Options:
(a) Rs. 31,250
(b) Rs. 32,750
(c) Rs. 28,250
(d) Rs. 24,500
Answer: a
Q10. A seller sells an item that costs him Rs. 24,000 by allowing a discount of 28% on it. If he sells the item for Rs. 2,000 more, he earns a profit of (100/3)%. Then find the percentage at which the item is marked above its cost price.
Options:
(a) 50%
(b) 75%
(c) 60%
(d) 80%
Answer: b
Preparation Tips for RRB NTPC Profit and Loss
Profit and Loss is an easy score-maker if you avoid confusing fractions and stick to the Ratio Method. These tips will help you maximize your problem-solving skills for this topic:
- Master the Ratio Method: Practice converting profit/loss percentages into CP: SP ratios. This is much faster than using long formulas, especially for RRB questions.
- Focus on CP as 100: Always assume Cost Price (CP) is 100 when no value is given. This simplifies problems involving the marked price (MP) and discount.
- Connect Discount: Practice P&L problems that include discount and marked price. They often appear together in the exam.
- Practice High Volume: Profit-and-loss questions require extensive practice to build calculation speed. Solve at least 10-15 questions daily under time pressure using our free topic tests.
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FAQs: Profit and Loss Questions for RRB NTPC
Profit and Loss is a core topic in RRB NTPC Numerical Ability, scoring 2–3 direct questions, making it essential for high marks.
Profit or loss is calculated as SP − CP for profit and CP − SP for loss, with CP as the base.
The Ratio Method, which converts percentages into CP: SP ratios, simplifies calculations and saves time on RRB NTPC Profit and Loss questions.
Selling Price (SP) = CP × (100 + Profit%) ÷ 100; use this formula for quick RRB NTPC exam calculations.
Cost Price (CP) = SP × 100 ÷ (100 + Profit%), a key formula for solving RRB NTPC numerical problems efficiently.
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