SSC GD Profit and Loss Questions: Download Free PDF & Practice Now

Preparing for the SSC GD Constable exam? If you are aiming for a job in the CRPF, BSF, or CISF, you cannot afford to skip the Math section. Within Mathematics, there is one topic that students practice, which is Profit and Loss. Many candidates get confused with terms like “Marked Price,” “Discount,” and “Selling Price.” They think they need complex formulas to solve these. But here is the truth: Profit and Loss is just about daily life shopping. If you understand the concept of buying and selling, you can solve these questions without even using a pen. To help you master this high-scoring topic, we have provided a PDF in which we have provided the most important Profit and Loss questions for SSC GD exam.

Why is Profit & Loss Important for SSC GD?

In the SSC GD exam, Elementary Mathematics has 20 questions. Out of these, 2 to 3 questions are purely from Profit and Loss.

• It’s Practical: You use this math when you go to the market. It’s easy to relate to.
• Direct Questions: SSC doesn’t twist these questions much. They ask simple things like “Find the Gain %” or “Find the Selling Price.”
• Formula-Free Tricks: With the ratio method (which we explain below), you can solve these questions in seconds.

Important Concepts You Must Know

Before you download the PDF, let’s clear up the basic terms so you don’t get confused.

• Cost Price (CP): The price at which you buy something.
• Selling Price (SP): The price at which you sell it.
• Profit: When SP is more than CP. (SP – CP)
• Loss: When CP is more than SP. (CP – SP)
• Marked Price (MP): The price tag on the item. Discounts are always given on this price.

Download Free PDF of Profit and Loss Questions for SSC GD

We have prepared a comprehensive PDF containing exam-level questions. We have included solutions that show you the short tricks, not just the long solving methods. Solving these questions will give you the confidence to tackle any Profit & Loss problem in the exam.

Q1. A man buys a toy for ₹250 and sells it for ₹300. Find his profit percentage.

(a) 15%

(b) 20%

(c) 25%

(d) 10%

Answer: (b) 20%

(Logic: Profit = 300 – 250 = 50. Profit % = (50/250) × 100 = 20%.)

Q2. By selling a watch for ₹1440, a man loses 10%. At what price should he sell it to gain 10%?

(a) ₹1584

(b) ₹1760

(c) ₹1800

(d) ₹1600

Answer: (b) ₹1760

(Logic: 1440 is 90% of CP. So CP = 1600. To gain 10%, sell at 110% of 1600 = 1760.)

Q3. If the Cost Price of 10 articles is equal to the Selling Price of 8 articles, find the gain percentage.

(a) 20%

(b) 25%

(c) 30%

(d) 10%

Answer: (b) 25%

(Logic: Let CP of 1 item = ₹1. CP of 8 = ₹8. SP of 8 = CP of 10 = ₹10. Profit = 2 on 8. % = (2/8)×100 = 25%.)

Q4. A shopkeeper offers a discount of 20% on the Marked Price of a shirt. If the Marked Price is ₹800, what is the Selling Price?

(a) ₹600

(b) ₹620

(c) ₹640

(d) ₹700

Answer: (c) ₹640

(Logic: Discount = 20% of 800 = 160. SP = 800 – 160 = 640.)

Q5. A dishonest shopkeeper professes to sell his goods at Cost Price but uses a weight of 900 grams instead of 1 kg. Find his gain percentage.

(a) 10%

(b) 11.11%

(c) 12.5%

(d) 9.09%

Answer: (b) 11.11%

(Logic: He saves 100g on 900g sold. Profit % = (100/900) × 100 = 11.11%.)

Q6. Successive discounts of 10% and 20% are equivalent to a single discount of:

(a) 30%

(b) 28%

(c) 25%

(d) 32%

Answer: (b) 28%

(Logic: Formula A + B – (A x B)/100
10 + 20 – (10 x 20)/100 = 30 – 2 = 28%)

Q7. A trader marks his goods 20% above the Cost Price and allows a discount of 10%. Find his gain percentage.

(a) 10%

(b) 8%

(c) 12%

(d) 15%

Answer: (b) 8%

(Logic: Let CP = 100. MP = 120. Discount 10% on 120 is 12. SP = 108. Profit = 8%.)

Q8. By selling an article for ₹720, there is a loss of 20%. What is the Cost Price?

(a) ₹800

(b) ₹900

(c) ₹1000

(d) ₹1200

Answer: (b) ₹900

(Logic: 80% of CP = 720. So 1% = 9. CP (100%) = 900.)

Q9. If the ratio of Cost Price and Selling Price is 5:6, find the profit percentage.

(a) 15%

(b) 20%

(c) 25%

(d) 16.66%

Answer: (b) 20%

(Logic: Profit is 1 unit on CP of 5. (1/5) × 100 = 20%.)

Q10. A man sold two chairs for ₹400 each. On one he gains 20% and on the other he loses 20%. What is the net result?

(a) No profit no loss

(b) 4% Loss

(c) 4% Gain

(d) 10% Loss

Answer: (b) 4% Loss

(Logic: Trick – Always loss of x²/100 %. 20²/100 = 400/100 = 4% Loss.)

PROFIT & LOSS FORMULA SHEET (SSC GD)

1. Basic Terms

• Cost Price (CP): Price at which an item is purchased.
• Selling Price (SP): Price at which an item is sold.
• Marked Price (MP): Price printed on the product.
• Discount: Reduction given on MP.

2. Profit & Loss Formulas

• Profit = SP – CP
• Loss = CP – SP
• Profit% = (Profit / CP) × 100
• Loss% = (Loss / CP) × 100

3. SP & CP Formulas

• SP when Profit% is given: SP = CP × (1 + Profit%/100)
• SP when Loss% is given: SP = CP × (1 – Loss%/100)
• CP when Profit% is given: CP = SP / (1 + Profit%/100)
• CP when Loss% is given: CP = SP / (1 – Loss%/100)

4. Discount Formulas

• Discount = MP × (Discount%/100)
• SP after discount = MP – Discount

5. Successive Discounts

• Net Discount = A + B – (A×B)/100
  (Where A% and B% are two consecutive discounts)

6. MP, CP & Profit Relation

• SP = MP × (1 – Discount%/100)
• Profit% or Loss% = (SP – CP)/CP × 100

7. Ratio Method (Fastest for SSC GD)

• Profit x% → CP : SP = 100 : (100 + x)
• Loss x% → CP : SP = 100 : (100 – x)
  Example: Profit 20% → CP:SP = 100:120 = 5:6

8. Articles Method
   (If CP of n articles = SP of m articles)

• Profit% = ((n – m)/m) × 100

9. Dishonest Shopkeeper Trick
   (Using less weight)
   If he gives W kg instead of 1 kg:

• Gain% = ((1 – W) / W) × 100
  Example: Uses 900g instead of 1000g
  Gain% = (1 – 0.9) / 0.9 × 100 = 11.11%

10. Equal Selling Price Trick
    (One item sold with x% profit and x% loss)

• Net Loss% = x² / 100
  Example: 20% gain & 20% loss → 4% loss

11. Common Percentage to Fraction Conversions

• 10% = 1/10
• 20% = 1/5
• 25% = 1/4
• 33.33% = 1/3
• 50% = 1/2
• 12.5% = 1/8
• 66.66% = 2/3

TIP for SSC GD:
Always assume CP = 100. It simplifies calculations and makes solving faster.

How to Prepare Profit and Loss for SSC GD?

Math requires practice, not memorization. Here are some simple tips to master this topic:

• Master the Fractions: Learn that 20% = 1/5 and 25% = 1/4. If you use fractions instead of 100, your calculation becomes much faster.
• Understand the “Dishonest Shopkeeper”: This is a favorite topic for SSC. Understand that his profit comes from giving less weight, not just charging more money.
• Don’t Use X: Try to avoid assuming “Let the price be x.” Instead, assume “Let the price be 100.” It makes calculations easier.
• Practice Successive Discounts: Learn the formula A + B – (AB/100) by heart. It saves a lot of time on discount questions.
• Attempt Topic Tests: Once you finish the PDF, test your speed. Attempt 15–20 questions daily using our Free Topic Tests. It helps you identify where you are making silly mistakes.

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