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Reading Comprehension passages are an integral part of the English section of government exams. However, for beginners, such passages can seem difficult. The Hindu Editorial is an excellent tool to improve the reading and understanding of passages. The language is very similar to the passages that generally appear in the English section of government exams, and each paragraph is filled with exam-relevant vocabulary and real-world topics. First, go through the vocabulary section and read the meanings of the words, their Hindi translations, synonyms, and antonyms. Once you know the meanings of the words, read the passage carefully, and you will feel that it is much easier to understand the main idea and tone of the passage. This method not only improves the understanding of reading comprehension passages but also builds a strong vocabulary base for cloze tests and sentence fillers in the exam. Doing this every day will boost your confidence in the English section and help improve your scores in sections such as Reading Comprehension, Cloze Tests, and Sentence Fillers.
Failed summit: on the G-7 summit in Canada
India must reassess the usefulness of attending G-7 meetings
At 50, the G-7 — a grouping of the most advanced economies — should appear robust, cohesive and experienced in managing global conflict. Instead, the G-7 Summit and Outreach session in Kananaskis, Canada presented a disunited and ineffective force in the face of some of the most testing conflicts including an escalating Russia-Ukraine war, the Israel-Iran strife and Israel’s ceaseless bombardment of Gaza. In addition, it has been unable to deal with the biggest disruptor in global trade — that of the U.S. Trump administration’s reciprocal tariffs worldwide. This year’s G-7 was rocky from the start as host Canada saw an unexpected election just months before the summit. The government of Mark Carney was still finding its feet, which meant leaders such as Prime Minister Modi were invited just days before the summit. Upheavals in U.S. foreign and trade policy have also caught the grouping off-guard: U.S. President Donald Trump’s pivot to Russia on the Ukraine crisis, and ambiguous approach to China have been particularly noted. In Kananaskis Mr. Trump even suggested that the G-7 become the “G9, including Russia and China”, much to the chagrin of other leaders, including the Ukraine President, who was a special invitee. Mr. Trump’s volte face from proclaiming to be a “Peace-time President” to actively supporting Israel’s aggression was another issue. The U.S. refused to sign on to a draft statement by G-7 members that called for a de-escalation or any criticism of Israel, and pushed for a statement that condemned Iran. Mr. Trump’s early exit dealt another blow. Eventually, the G-7 was unable to issue a joint statement on key issues, and a Chair’s Summary was issued to deal with the crises at hand, along with statements on less divisive issues such as AI and quantum computing, critical minerals supply chains, wildfire and prevention, and transnational repression, but not on terrorism, as India had hoped.
Perhaps the most productive part of Mr. Modi’s trip was his meeting with Mr. Carney, and the decisions to restore Indian and Canadian High Commissioners, and to reset ties ruptured over the Nijjar case. However, the Carney government has not demonstrated any change in its position on the case or on action against Khalistani extremism. Moreover, the G-7 statement on Transnational Repression (TNR) does not name any country, but is pointed in its reference to allegations of foreign interference and TNR made by Canada against India, as well as China, Russia and Iran. Given the outcomes, the government must review the utility of India’s participation in the G-7 process. To have the Prime Minister travel more than 11,000 kilometres to address one outreach session of a fractious summit may not be the most optimal use of India’s resources.
1. Robust: strong and unlikely to break or fail
Synonyms: resilient, tough
Antonyms: fragile, frail
2. Cohesive: forming a united whole
Synonyms: united, unified
Antonyms: fragmented, divided
3. Testing: difficult to deal with and needing particular strength or abilities
Synonyms: exacting, gruelling
Antonyms: effortless, facile
4. Strife: anger or violence between two people or groups of people who disagree
Synonyms: dissension, conflict
Antonyms: harmony, concord
5. Ceaseless: not stopping; seeming to have no end
Synonyms: everlasting, perpetual
Antonyms: transient, ephemeral
6. Rocky: difficult and not certain to continue or to be successful
Synonyms: unstable, problematic
Antonyms: steady, solid
7. Upheavals: big changes that causes a lot of worry and problems
Synonyms: shifts, disruptions
Antonyms: consistency, stability
8. Ambiguous: not clearly stated or defined
Synonyms: vague, equivocal
Antonyms: clear, definite
9. Chagrin: disappointment or anger
Synonyms: indignation, exasperation
Antonyms: delight, satisfaction
10. Proclaiming: showing something or making it clear
Synonyms: indicating, displaying
Antonyms: concealing, suppressing
11. Condemned: said very strongly that you thought something was bad, usually for moral reasons
Synonyms: censured, denounced
Antonyms: commended, extolled
12. Ruptured: made an agreement or good relations between people or countries end
Synonyms: split, severed
Antonyms: repaired, restored
13. Fractious: making trouble and complaining
Synonyms: truculent, belligerent
Antonyms: affable, genial
Phrasal verbs:
14. Called for: publicly asked for or demanded something
15. Pushed for: demanded something repeatedly, or took strong action to try to make it happen
Idioms & Phrases:
16. In the face of: when threatened by or confronted with
17. Finding its feet: becoming familiar with and confident in a new situation
18. Caught off-guard: surprised someone, esp. in a way that made the person feel confused or uncertain
19. Dealt a blow: caused someone or something, usually a plan or hope, to fail or to be affected very badly
Word of foreign origin:
20. Volte face: a sudden change from one set of beliefs or plan of action to the opposite
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