The Hindu Editorial 9th July 2025 Vocabulary, Summary, and Tone

The Hindu Editorial Vocabulary is highly useful for Bank and SSC exams, especially for the English section. Regular reading improves vocabulary, comprehension, and grammar. Editorials contain high-quality language, idioms, phrasal verbs, and advanced vocabulary frequently asked in exams. Learning 10–15 new words daily and reading the summary of the passage from editorials helps in scoring better in Cloze Tests, Reading Comprehension, Fill in the Blanks, and Synonyms-Antonyms. It also boosts your confidence in descriptive writing and interviews. Consistent practice with these words, along with usage in sentences, enhances retention. Hence, the Hindu editorials serve as a rich and reliable source for English preparation in competitive exams.

Reading Comprehension passages are an integral part of the English section of government exams. However, for beginners, such passages can seem difficult. The Hindu Editorial is an excellent tool to improve the reading and understanding of passages. The language is very similar to the passages that generally appear in the English section of government exams, and each paragraph is filled with exam-relevant vocabulary and real-world topics. First, go through the vocabulary section and read the meanings of the words, their Hindi translations, synonyms, and antonyms. Then read the summary of the passage provided to you. Once you know the meanings of the words, read the passage carefully, and you will feel that it is much easier to understand the main idea and tone of the passage. This method not only improves the understanding of reading comprehension passages but also builds a strong vocabulary base for cloze tests and sentence fillers in the exam. Doing this every day will boost your confidence in the English section and help improve your scores in sections such as Reading Comprehension, Cloze Tests, and Sentence Fillers.

The Hindu Editorial 9th July 2025

Quick fix: On India’s Research Development and Innovation scheme
Budgetary allowances alone won’t solve India’s R&D problem

The Union Cabinet recently approved a ₹1-lakh crore Research Development and Innovation (RDI) scheme that aims to incentivise the private sector to invest in basic research. The scheme will primarily consist of a special purpose fund established within the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), which will act as the custodian of funds. The funds will be in the form of low-interest loans. The ANRF is conceived as an independent institutional body, with oversight by the Science Ministry, to allocate funds for basic research and to incentivise private sector participation in core research. The involvement of the ANRF here is a novel move as the newly created organisation is meant to be the equivalent of a single-window clearance mechanism for funding research and development for universities and academic institutions. It is also expected to get about 70% of its budget from private sources. In sum, through the RDI and the ANRF, the government is looking to stake the bold claim that it has played its part and that it is now up to the private sector to come forward and reverse the ratio from where the government today accounts for about 70% of India’s R&D spend. However, already incipient in the government’s tall ambitions are traces of what has caused previous such schemes to falter. The first of these is conservatism.

It turns out that a condition for availing funds is that only products that have reached a certain level of development and market potential or, what are called Technology Readiness Level-4 (TRL-4) projects, would be eligible. There are nine TRL levels, a hierarchy that was first conceived by the United States’ National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in the 1970s. TRL-1 represents a basic level of research and TRL-9 a state of advanced readiness. TRL-4 appears to be an arbitrary decision to support any promising research that has progressed halfway. Were there such a magic sauce, venture capital industries, premised on the fickleness of predicting the ‘next big thing’, would not exist. The scheme also seems to forget that technologically advanced countries have become what they are because of their military industrial complexes — where the spectre of war incentivises the development of technology that is risky and expensive but, over time, may prove to be of immense civilian value — examples are the Internet or the Global Positioning System. India continues to haemorrhage scientists to the West due to the lack of opportunities commensurate with their training. Finally, it lacks a deeply skilled manufacturing sector that can make the products that scientists conceive of. Budgetary allowances cannot overnight fix that which requires major surgery.

The Hindu Editorial 9th July 2025: Vocabulary

1. Incentivise
Meaning: To encourage someone to do something by offering rewards
Synonyms: Encourage, motivate, stimulate
Antonyms: Discourage, dissuade, deter

2. Custodian
Meaning: A person or organisation that manages or looks after something
Synonyms: Guardian, caretaker, trustee
Antonyms: Hazard, menace, peril

3. Conceived
Meaning: Planned or thought of an idea
Synonyms: Designed, formulated, devised
Antonyms: Ignored, neglected, misunderstood

4. Oversight
Meaning: Supervision or control over a process or system
Synonyms: Supervision, management, monitoring
Antonyms: Negligence, inattention, carelessness

5. Novel
Meaning: New or original
Synonyms: Innovative, fresh, unique
Antonyms: Traditional, outdated, conventional

6. Incipient
Meaning: Beginning to develop or appear
Synonyms: Emerging, budding, initial
Antonyms: Developed, mature, advanced

7. Tall (ambition/claim)
Meaning: Unrealistic or exaggerated
Synonyms: Far-fetched, grand, lofty
Antonyms: Realistic, modest, achievable

8. Falter
Meaning: To fail or weaken after a strong start
Synonyms: Stumble, weaken, waver
Antonyms: Succeed, persist, continue

9. Arbitrary
Meaning: Based on personal whim rather than reason or logic
Synonyms: Random, subjective, capricious
Antonyms: Rational, logical, systematic

10. Promising
Meaning: Showing signs of future success
Synonyms: Hopeful, encouraging, favourable
Antonyms: Unpromising, hopeless, discouraging

11. Fickleness
Meaning: the quality of being likely to change suddenly and without warning
Synonyms: Instability, inconsistency, volatility
Antonyms: Stability, consistency, reliability

12. Spectre
Meaning: A threatening or frightening possibility
Synonyms: Threat, fear, danger
Antonyms: Safety, assurance, comfort

13. Haemorrhage
Meaning: To lose something (especially people or resources) in large amounts and continuously
Synonyms: Drain, lose, bleed
Antonyms: Retain, gain, absorb

14. Commensurate
Meaning: Equal or appropriate in proportion
Synonyms: Proportionate, corresponding, equivalent
Antonyms: Disproportionate, unequal, inadequate

Idioms & Phrases
15. Quick fix
Meaning: A temporary or superficial solution to a complex problem

16. Stake the bold claim
Meaning: To assert something confidently and publicly

17. Magic sauce
Meaning: A secret or perfect solution that guarantees success

18. Premised on
Meaning: Based on a particular idea or belief

The Hindu Editorial 9th July 2025: Summary for Descriptive Practice

The Union Cabinet has approved a ₹1-lakh crore Research Development and Innovation (RDI) scheme aimed at encouraging private sector investment in basic research through low-interest loans managed by the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF). While the scheme reflects the government’s intent to shift the R&D funding burden towards private players, its design has raised concerns. The eligibility criterion of Technology Readiness Level-4 (TRL-4) may exclude early-stage innovations, and the over-reliance on private participation may prove unrealistic. The absence of a strong manufacturing ecosystem and the continued migration of skilled scientists further weaken the scheme’s potential impact. The author argues that structural reforms, not just budgetary support, are essential for meaningful progress in India’s research landscape.

The Hindu Editorial 9th July 2025: Student-friendly Summary and Tone Explanation of the Passage

The Indian government has launched a new plan called the Research Development and Innovation (RDI) scheme. It has set aside ₹1 lakh crore to support scientific research. A new organisation called ANRF will handle the money and give low-interest loans to researchers. The goal is to make private companies spend more on research, instead of depending only on the government.
However, the writer says this plan may not work well. One big problem is that only research projects that are already halfway developed (called TRL-4) will get support. This rule might leave out many good new ideas. The writer also says that other countries succeed in science because they invest in risky projects, often for military use, which later help common people (like the Internet). India also faces problems like losing talented scientists to other countries and not having strong industries to build new technology. Just spending more money won’t solve these deep problems.

The overall tone of the passage is critical yet constructive.
The author is critical of the government’s RDI scheme, pointing out its limitations and past failures.
He uses a logical and analytical approach to explain why such schemes may not succeed.
The tone is not emotional or angry, but rather thoughtful and serious.
It is also constructive, as the author suggests what is missing, like early-stage research support, strong manufacturing, and long-term vision.
Overall, the tone reflects a desire for improvement, not just criticism.

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